Likert scaling is a bipolar scaling method, measuring either positive or negative response to a statement. The format of a typical five-level Likert item is:: Often five ordered response levels are used, although many psychometricians advocate using seven or nine levels a recent empirical study found that data from 5-level, 7-level and 10-level items showed very similar characteristics in terms of mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis after a simple transformation was applied. This is the source of much confusion it is better, therefore, to reserve the word 'Likert scale' to apply to the summated scale, and 'Likert item' to refer to an individual item.Ī Likert item is simply a statement which the respondent is asked to evaluate according to any kind of subjective or objective criteria generally the level of agreement or disagreement is measured. Because Likert items are often accompanied by a visual analog scale (e.g., a horizontal line, on which a subject indicates his or her response by circling or checking tick-marks), the items are sometimes called scales themselves. The Likert Scale is the sum of responses on several Likert items. Sample question presented using a five-point Likert itemĪn important distinction must be made between a "Likert Scale" and a "Likert item".
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Title = A Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes The scale is named after Rensis Likert, who published a report describing its use.
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When responding to a Likert questionnaire item, respondents specify their level of agreement to a statement. A Likert scale (pronunciation in the field of Psychology varies between 'lick-urt' and 'lie-kurt', although the man for whom the scale is named used the former ] ) is a psychometric scale commonly used in questionnaires, and is the most widely used scale in survey research.